1. Samar da manyan abubuwan da ake amfani da su na fenti mai sharar gas
Ana amfani da tsarin zane sosai a cikin injina, mota, kayan lantarki, kayan aikin gida, jiragen ruwa, kayan daki da sauran masana'antu.
Paint raw kayan -- fenti yana kunshe da maras kyau da maras kyau, wanda ba shi da kullun ciki har da kayan fim da kayan fim na karin kayan aiki, ana amfani da wakili na dilution don shafe fenti, don cimma manufar fenti mai laushi da kyau.
Tsarin fenti yana haifar da hazo na fenti da gurɓataccen iskar gas, fenti a ƙarƙashin aikin babban matsin lamba zuwa barbashi, lokacin fesa, wani ɓangaren fenti bai isa wurin feshin ba, yaduwa tare da iska don samar da hazo na fenti; Organic sharar gas daga volatilization na diluent, Organic sauran ƙarfi ba a haɗe zuwa fenti surface, da fenti da kuma curing tsari zai saki Organic sharar gida iskar gas (an ruwaito daruruwan maras tabbas Organic mahadi, bi da bi na alkane, alkanes, olefin, aromatic mahadi, barasa, aldehyde, ketones, ester, ether, da sauran mahadi).
2. Tushen da halaye na murfin mota shaye gas
Taron zanen mota ya kamata ya gudanar da aikin gyaran fenti, electrophoresis da fenti akan kayan aikin. Tsarin fenti ya haɗa da fentin fenti, kwarara da bushewa, a cikin waɗannan hanyoyin za su samar da iskar gas mai sharar gida (VOCs) da fesa feshin, don haka waɗannan hanyoyin suna buƙatar fesa maganin sharar gas ɗin fenti.
(1) Sharar gida daga dakin fenti
Don kula da yanayin aiki na spraying, bisa ga tanadi na Dokar Tsaron Ma'aikata da Lafiya, ya kamata a canza iska ta ci gaba da canzawa a cikin dakin feshin, kuma ya kamata a sarrafa saurin canjin iska a cikin kewayon (0.25 ~ 1). ) m/s. Babban abun da ke ciki na iskar iskar gas shine kaushi na feshin fenti, babban abubuwansa sune hydrocarbons aromatic (benzene guda uku da methane duka hydrocarbon), ether barasa, ester Organic sauran ƙarfi, saboda yawan shayewar dakin fesa yana da kyau sosai. babba, don haka jimlar yawan iskar gas ɗin da ake fitarwa ya ragu sosai, yawanci kusan 100 mg/m3. Bugu da kari, sharar dakin fenti sau da yawa yana dauke da dan kadan na hazon fenti gaba daya wanda ba a kula da shi ba, musamman busashen fenti na fenti na feshin fenti, hazon fenti a cikin shaye-shaye, na iya zama cikas ga bata maganin iskar gas, dole ne a yi maganin sharar gas. pretreatment.
(2) Sharar gida daga dakin bushewa
Face fenti bayan spraying kafin bushewa, so ya kwarara iska, rigar Paint film Organic sauran ƙarfi a cikin aiwatar da bushewa da maras tabbas, domin ya hana iska na cikin gida Organic sauran ƙarfi tara fashewa hadarin, iska dakin ya zama ci gaba da iska, canza iska gudun gaba daya iko a kusa da 0.2 m / s, shaye shaye abun da ke ciki da Paint dakin shaye abun da ke ciki, amma ba ya ƙunshi fenti hazo, jimlar taro na Organic sharar gida fiye da feshi dakin, bisa ga shaye girma, kullum a cikin feshi dakin shaye gas maida hankali game da 2 sau. zai iya kaiwa 300 mg/m3, yawanci gauraye da shaye-shaye na dakin bayan jiyya ta tsakiya. Bugu da kari, dakin fenti, farfajiyar fenti na najasa wurare dabam dabam ya kamata su fitar da iskar gas mai kama da haka.
(3)Diskar iskar gas
A abun da ke ciki na bushewa sharar gas ne mafi hadaddun, ban da Organic sauran ƙarfi, wani ɓangare na plasticizer ko guduro monomer da sauran maras tabbas aka gyara, amma kuma ya ƙunshi thermal bazuwar kayayyakin, dauki kayayyakin. Electrophoretic primer da sauran ƙarfi irin topcoat bushewa da shaye gas fitarwa, amma abun da ke ciki da kuma maida hankali bambanci ne babba.
※Hatsarin feshin iskar gas:
An sani daga bincike cewa sharar gas daga dakin feshi, bushewa dakin, fenti hadawa dakin da topface fenti najasa kula da dakin yana da ƙananan maida hankali da kuma babban kwarara, kuma babban sinadaran da gurbatawa ne aromatic hydrocarbons, barasa ethers da ester Organic. abubuwan narkewa. Bisa ga "Ƙa'idar Ƙimar Ƙimar Ƙimar iska don Gurɓatar Sama", yawan yawan iskar gas ɗin nan gabaɗaya yana cikin iyakar fitarwa. Domin tinkarar buƙatun ƙimar iskar hayaƙi a cikin ma'auni, yawancin masana'antun kera motoci suna amfani da hanyar fitar da hayaƙi mai tsayi. Ko da yake wannan hanya za ta iya saduwa da halin yanzu watsi matsayin, amma sharar gida ne da gaske untreated diluted watsi, da kuma jimlar adadin iskar gas fitar da wani babban jiki shafi line na iya zama kamar ɗaruruwan ton, wanda ke haifar da mummunar cutarwa ga yanayi.
Fenti hazo a cikin Organic ƙarfi -- benzene, toluene, xylene ne mai karfi mai guba ƙarfi, aiki zuwa iska a cikin bita, ma'aikata bayan numfashi numfashi na iya haifar da m da kuma na kullum guba, yafi haifar da lalacewa na tsakiya juyayi da hematopoietic tsarin. , Inhalation na ɗan gajeren lokaci babban taro (fiye da 1500 mg / m3) na benzene tururi, na iya haifar da anemia aplastic, sau da yawa inhaled ƙananan ƙwayar benzene tururi kuma zai iya haifar da amai, alamun cututtuka irin su rikicewa.
※Zaɓin hanyar maganin sharar gas don fesa fenti da shafa:
A zabar hanyoyin magance kwayoyin halitta, ya kamata a yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan gabaɗaya: nau'in da tattarawar gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta, yanayin shaye-shayen kwayoyin halitta da adadin kwararar ruwa, abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwayoyin cuta, da matakin sarrafa gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu da ake buƙatar cimma.
1Saddu'a fenti a dakin da zazzabi magani
The shaye gas daga zanen dakin, bushewa dakin, fenti hadawa dakin da topcoat najasa magani dakin ne dakin zafin jiki shaye gas na low maida hankali da kuma babban kwarara, kuma babban abun da ke ciki na gurbatawa ne aromatic hydrocarbons, barasa da ethers da ester Organic kaushi. . Dangane da GB16297 “Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution”, yawan iskar gas ɗin nan gabaɗaya yana cikin iyakacin fitarwa. Domin tinkarar buƙatun ƙimar iskar hayaƙi a cikin ma'auni, yawancin masana'antun kera motoci suna amfani da hanyar fitar da hayaƙi mai tsayi. Ko da yake wannan hanya za ta iya saduwa da halin yanzu watsi matsayin, amma sharar gas ne da gaske diluted watsi ba tare da magani, da kuma jimlar adadin iskar gas fitar da wani babban jiki shafi line na iya zama kamar ɗaruruwan ton, wanda ke haifar da mummunar cutarwa ga yanayi.
Domin da gaske rage fitar da hayaki iskar gas, da yawa shaye gas hanyoyin magani za a iya a hade domin jiyya, amma farashin shaye gas magani tare da high iska yana da yawa sosai. A halin yanzu, mafi balagagge hanyar kasashen waje shine a fara mayar da hankali (tare da tallan tallan-desorption don tattara jimlar adadin kusan sau 15), don rage yawan adadin da za a yi amfani da shi, sannan a yi amfani da hanyar lalata don magance cutar. mai daɗaɗɗen iskar gas. Akwai irin wannan hanyoyin a kasar Sin, na farko amfani da adsorption Hanyar (kunna carbon ko zeolite a matsayin adsorbent) ga low maida hankali, dakin zafin jiki fesa fenti sharar gas adsorption, tare da high zafin jiki gas desorption, mayar da hankali gas gas ta amfani da catalytic konewa ko regenerative thermal konewa hanya domin magani. Low maida hankali, al'ada zafin jiki fenti fenti sharar gas na nazarin halittu Hanyar magani ana ɓullo da, da gida fasahar a halin yanzu mataki ba balagagge, amma ya kamata a kula da. Domin da gaske rage gurɓatar jama'a na shafa iskar gas, muna kuma buƙatar magance matsalar daga tushen, kamar yin amfani da kofuna na rotary electrostatic da sauran hanyoyin da za a inganta yawan amfani da sutura, da haɓakar ruwa na tushen ruwa. da sauran suturar kare muhalli.
2Dshan iskar gas magani
Bushewar iskar gas tana cikin matsakaici da babban taro na iskar gas mai zafi mai zafi, wanda ya dace da hanyar konewa magani. Halin konewa yana da mahimmanci guda uku: lokaci, zazzabi, damuwa, wato, konewa na yanayin 3T. Ingancin jiyya na iskar gas shine ainihin madaidaicin matakin konewa kuma ya dogara da yanayin yanayin 3T na sarrafa konewa. RTO na iya sarrafa zafin konewa (820 ~ 900 ℃) da lokacin zama (1.0 ~ 1.2s), da kuma tabbatar da cewa rikice-rikicen da suka wajaba (iska da kwayoyin halitta sun gauraya sosai), ingantaccen magani har zuwa 99%, da Adadin zafin sharar gida yana da yawa, kuma yawan kuzarin da ake amfani da shi yana da ƙasa. Yawancin masana'antar kera motoci na Japan a Japan da China yawanci suna amfani da RTO don kula da iskar gas na bushewa (firi, matsakaici, bushewar gashi). Misali, Dongfeng Nissan fasinja mota Huadu shafi line yin amfani da RTO Karkasa jiyya na shafi bushewa shaye gas sakamako ne mai kyau sosai, cika da bukatun na watsi da dokokin. Koyaya, saboda babban saka hannun jari na sau ɗaya na kayan aikin gyaran iskar gas na RTO, ba tattalin arziƙi bane don maganin iskar gas ɗin da ba shi da ƙaranci.
Don layin samar da suturar da aka kammala, lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙarin kayan aikin jiyya na sharar gida, ana iya amfani da tsarin konewa na catalytic da tsarin konewar thermal mai haɓakawa. Tsarin konewa na catalytic yana da ƙananan saka hannun jari da ƙarancin kuzarin konewa.
Gabaɗaya magana, amfani da / platinum a matsayin mai haɓakawa na iya rage yawan zafin jiki na iskar gas mai sharar gida zuwa kusan 315 ℃. Ana iya amfani da tsarin konewa na catalytic don maganin iskar gas na bushewa gabaɗaya, musamman dacewa da isar da wutar lantarki ta amfani da lokutan dumama wutar lantarki, matsalar da ke akwai ita ce yadda za a guje wa gazawar guba mai kuzari. Daga gwaninta na wasu masu amfani, don babban fenti na bushewa gas mai sharar gida, ta hanyar ƙara yawan iskar gas da sauran matakan, zai iya tabbatar da cewa rayuwar mai kara kuzari shine shekaru 3 ~ 5; Electrophoretic Paint bushewa sharar gida abu ne mai sauki don haifar da kara kuzari guba, don haka magani electrophoretic Paint bushewa sharar gas ya kamata a yi hankali ta amfani da catalytic konewa. A kan aiwatar da sharar gas magani da kuma canji na Dongfeng kasuwanci abin hawa jiki shafi line, da sharar gida gas na electrophoretic fari bushewa ana bi da ta hanyar RTO, da kuma sharar gida gas na saman fenti bushewa ana bi da catalytic konewa Hanyar, da kuma amfani da sakamako ne. mai kyau.
※Fenti fenti sharar gas magani tsari:
Spraying masana'antu sharar gas magani makirci ne yafi amfani ga fesa zanen dakin sharar gas magani, furniture factory sharar gas magani, inji masana'antu masana'antu sharar gas magani, guardrail factory sharar gas magani, mota masana'antu da mota 4S shagon fesa fenti dakin sharar gas magani. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'o'in hanyoyin magani, kamar: hanyar kwantar da hankali, hanyar sha, hanyar konewa, hanyar catalytic, hanyar tallatawa, hanyar nazarin halittu da hanyar ion.
1. Water spray Hanyar + kunna carbon adsorption da desorption + catalytic konewa
Yin amfani da hasumiya don cire hazo mai fenti da mai narkewa a cikin kayan ruwa, bayan busassun tacewa, a cikin na'urar tallan carbon da aka kunna, kamar kunna carbon adsorption cike, sannan cirewa (hanyar tsigewa tare da tsiron tururi, dumama lantarki, cirewar nitrogen), bayan fitar da iskar gas (hanzari ya karu sau da yawa) ta hanyar tube fan a cikin konewar na'urar konewa, konewa cikin carbon dioxide da ruwa, bayan fitarwa.
2. Water spray + kunna carbon adsorption da desorption + hanyar dawo da tari
Yin amfani da hasumiya don cire hazo mai fenti da mai narkewa a cikin kayan ruwa, bayan busassun tacewa, a cikin na'urar tallan carbon da aka kunna, kamar kunna carbon adsorption cike, sannan zuwa tsiri (hanyar tsigewa tare da tsiri tururi, dumama lantarki, cirewar nitrogen), bayan haka. sarrafa sharar iskar gas adsorption taro condensate, condensate ta rabuwa dawo da muhimmanci kwayoyin halitta. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don maganin sharar gida tare da babban taro, ƙananan zafin jiki da ƙananan iska. Amma wannan hanyar saka hannun jari, yawan amfani da makamashi, farashin aiki, feshin fenti mai shayewar iskar gas “benzene uku” da sauran yawan iskar iskar gas gabaɗaya ƙasa da 300 mg/m3, ƙarancin maida hankali, babban ƙarar iska (kera mota kera fenti mai iskar iska sau da yawa a sama. 100000), kuma saboda mota shafi shaye Organic sauran ƙarfi abun da ke ciki, sake yin amfani da sauran ƙarfi da wuya a yi amfani da, da kuma sauki samar da sakandare gurbatawa, don haka shafi a cikin sharar gas magani kullum ba amfani da wannan hanya.
3. Waste gas adsorption hanyar
Fesa fenti sharar gas adsorption za a iya raba sinadarai adsorption da kuma jiki adsorption, amma "benzene uku" sharar gas sinadaran aiki ne low, kullum ba amfani da sinadaran sha. Ruwan sha na jiki yana ɗaukar ƙasa da rashin ƙarfi, kuma yana ɗaukar abubuwan da ke da alaƙa mai girma don dumama, sanyaya da sake amfani da su don nazarin shayarwar jikewa. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don ƙaurawar iska, ƙarancin zafin jiki, da ƙarancin maida hankali. Shigarwa yana da rikitarwa, zuba jari yana da yawa, zaɓin ruwan sha ya fi wuya, akwai gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu guda biyu
4. Akunna carbon adsorption + UV photocatalytic hadawan abu da iskar shaka kayan aiki
(1): kai tsaye ta hanyar kunna carbon kai tsaye adsorption na Organic gas, don cimma tsarkakewa kudi na 95%, sauki kayan aiki, kananan zuba jari, m aiki, amma bukatar sau da yawa maye gurbin da kunna carbon, low taro na gurbatawa, babu dawo da. (2) Hanyar adsorption: iskar gas a cikin adsorption na carbon da aka kunna, kunna iskar iskar carbon da aka kunna da sabuntawa.
5.Akunna carbon adsorption + kayan aikin plasma ƙarancin zafin jiki
Bayan kunna carbon adsorption farko, sa'an nan tare da ƙananan zafin jiki na plasma kayan aikin sarrafa sharar gas, zai bi da daidaitattun iskar gas, hanyar ion ita ce yin amfani da plasma Plasma (ION plasma) lalata gas ɗin sharar gida, cire wari, kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, tsarkakewa. iskar wani babban kwatancen duniya ne na fasaha, masana a gida da waje ana kiransu daya daga cikin manyan fasahar kimiyyar muhalli guda hudu a karni na 21. Makullin fasahar shine ta hanyar babban ƙarfin ƙarfin bugun jini matsakaici toshe fitarwa a cikin nau'i mai yawa na oxygen ion oxygen (plasma), kunna gas, samar da duk nau'ikan radicals masu aiki iri-iri, kamar OH, HO2, O, da sauransu. ., benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, alkane da sauran kwayoyin sharar gas lalacewa, hadawan abu da iskar sharar gida da sauran hadaddun jiki da sinadaran halayen, da kuma ta-samfurin da ba mai guba, kauce wa na biyu gurbatawa. Fasahar tana da halaye na ƙarancin ƙarancin kuzari, ƙaramin sarari, aiki mai sauƙi da kiyayewa, kuma ya dace musamman don kula da iskar gas daban-daban.
Btaƙaitaccen bayani:
Yanzu akwai nau'ikan hanyoyin magani da yawa a kasuwa, don biyan ka'idodin magani na ƙasa da na gida, yawanci za mu zaɓi hanyoyin jiyya da yawa waɗanda aka haɗa don maganin iskar gas, don zaɓar daidai da ainihin tsarin jiyya nasu.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-28-2022
